Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a mental health condition characterized by persistent, unwanted thoughts(obsessions) and/or repetitive behaviors (compulsions) that an individual feels driven to perform. These symptoms can significantly interfere with a person’s daily life, relationships, and well-being.

Key Features of OCD

1. Obsessions:

  • Intrusive, repetitive, and unwanted thoughts, urges, or images.

  • Common themes:

    • Contamination fears (e.g., fear of germs or dirt).

    • Order and symmetry (e.g., things needing to be "just right").

    • Doubts (e.g., fear of forgetting to turn off the stove).

    • Unwanted thoughts about harm (e.g., fear of hurting oneself or others).

    • Religious or moral concerns (e.g., fear of blasphemy or being immoral).

2. Compulsions:

  • Repetitive behaviors or mental acts performed in response to obsessions, aimed at reducing anxiety or preventing a feared event.

  • Common compulsions:

    • Cleaning or washing (e.g., excessive handwashing).

    • Checking (e.g., repeatedly checking locks or appliances).

    • Counting (e.g., counting items in a specific pattern).

    • Arranging (e.g., organizing items in a precise manner).

    • Reassurance seeking (e.g., asking others repeatedly if things are okay).

3. Cycle of OCD:

  • Obsessions cause intense anxiety.

  • Compulsions are performed to reduce this anxiety temporarily.

  • Relief is short-lived, leading to a repetitive cycle.

Impact of OCD

  • Time-consuming (e.g., spending hours daily on compulsions).

  • Impairment in social, occupational, or academic functioning.

  • Emotional distress, including feelings of shame or frustration.

Causes of OCD

The exact cause of OCD is not fully understood, but factors may include:

  • Biological: Imbalances in brain chemistry (e.g., serotonin) and differences in brain structure.

  • Genetics: A family history of OCD may increase risk.

  • Environmental factors: Stressful or traumatic life events may trigger or exacerbate symptoms.

If you suspect that you or someone you know has OCD, seeking a comprehensive evaluation is the best first step.  It can help to confirm the diagnosis and develop a tailored treatment plan. The Soke offers assessment and treatment pathways for both adults and children, in our Chelsea and Wimbledon sites. Please note that as an outpatient centre, we cannot help with those who are chronically unwell and require inpatient services. We also provide support and training for individuals, families, schools and organisations who want to better manage the relationship with the diagnosed individual. Please contact our Client Services team to discuss your symptoms - or the symptoms of your loved one - so that they can guide you towards the most appropriate solution to suit your particular circumstances. They can also be reached on 020 7139 5051.